Legislature(2005 - 2006)CAPITOL 124

02/02/2006 08:00 AM House COMMUNITY & REGIONAL AFFAIRS


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08:09:49 AM Start
08:10:06 AM Department of Commerce, Community, & Economic Development
08:45:29 AM HCR5
09:30:52 AM Adjourn
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
+ Confirmation Hearing TELECONFERENCED
Commissioner - Commerce, Community &
Economic Development
*+ HCR 5 FLUORIDATION TELECONFERENCED
Moved Out of Committee
                    ALASKA STATE LEGISLATURE                                                                                  
    HOUSE COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL AFFAIRS STANDING COMMITTEE                                                                   
                        February 2, 2006                                                                                        
                           8:09 a.m.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS PRESENT                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Representative Kurt Olson, Co-Chair                                                                                             
Representative Bill Thomas, Co-Chair                                                                                            
Representative Mark Neuman                                                                                                      
Representative Sharon Cissna                                                                                                    
Representative Woodie Salmon                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS ABSENT                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
Representative Pete Kott                                                                                                        
Representative Gabrielle LeDoux                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
COMMITTEE CALENDAR                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
CONFIRMATION HEARING(S)                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Department of Commerce, Community, & Economic Development                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     William C. Noll - Juneau                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     - CONFIRMATION(S) ADVANCED                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION NO. 5                                                                                               
Relating to support of community water fluoridation.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     - MOVED HCR 5 OUT OF COMMITTEE                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
PREVIOUS COMMITTEE ACTION                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
BILL: HCR  5                                                                                                                  
SHORT TITLE: FLUORIDATION                                                                                                       
SPONSOR(s): REPRESENTATIVE(s) SEATON                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
03/09/05       (H)       READ THE FIRST TIME - REFERRALS                                                                        
03/09/05       (H)       CRA, HES                                                                                               
02/02/06       (H)       CRA AT 8:00 AM CAPITOL 124                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
WITNESS REGISTER                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
WILLIAM C. NOLL, Commissioner                                                                                                   
Department of Commerce, Community, & Economic Development                                                                       
Juneau, Alaska                                                                                                                  
POSITION STATEMENT:  Spoke as appointee to the position of                                                                      
Commissioner of DCCED.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE PAUL SEATON                                                                                                      
Alaska State Legislature                                                                                                        
Juneau, Alaska                                                                                                                  
POSITION STATEMENT:  Spoke as the sponsor of HCR 5.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
TROY RITTER, Senior Environmental Health Consultant                                                                             
Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium (ANTHC)                                                                                  
Anchorage, Alaska                                                                                                               
POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified in support of HCR 5.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
ARTHUR HANSEN, retired dentist                                                                                                  
Fairbanks, Alaska                                                                                                               
POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified in support of HCR 5.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
WILLIAM MARLEY, retired dentist;                                                                                                
Representative, Fluoride Committee                                                                                              
American Dental Society                                                                                                         
Homer, Alaska                                                                                                                   
POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified in support of HCR 5.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
JIM TOWLE, Executive Director                                                                                                   
Alaska Dental Society                                                                                                           
Anchorage, Alaska                                                                                                               
POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified in support of HCR 5.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
SHELLEY HUGHES, Policy Analyst                                                                                                  
Alaska Primary Care Association                                                                                                 
(No address provided)                                                                                                           
POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified in support of HCR 5.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
TOM BORNSTEIN, Director                                                                                                         
Dental Services                                                                                                                 
Southeast Alaska Regional Health Consortium                                                                                     
Juneau, Alaska                                                                                                                  
POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified in support of HCR 5.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
BRAD WHISTLER, Dental Officer                                                                                                   
Department of Health and Social Services                                                                                        
Juneau, Alaska                                                                                                                  
POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified that the department is supportive                                                                
of community water fluoridation.                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
ACTION NARRATIVE                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR  BILL THOMAS  called the  House  Community and  Regional                                                             
Affairs  Standing  Committee  meeting  to order  at  8:09:49  AM.                                                             
Representatives Thomas,  Olson, Neuman,  and Cissna  were present                                                               
at  the call  to order.    Representative Salmon  arrived as  the                                                               
meeting was in progress.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
^CONFIRMATION HEARING(S):                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
^Department of Commerce, Community, & Economic Development                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
8:10:06 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR THOMAS announced that the  first order of business would                                                               
be the  confirmation hearing  for the  appointment of  William C.                                                               
Noll as commissioner of the  Department of Commerce, Community, &                                                               
Economic Development (DCCED).                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
8:10:19 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
WILLIAM   C.   NOLL,   Commissioner,  Department   of   Commerce,                                                               
Community,  & Economic  Development (DCCED),  provided background                                                               
information, including that he originally  came to Alaska in 1968                                                               
with the  U.S. Army.  Upon  discovering that he loved  the state,                                                               
he stayed, he related.  He  also related that the majority of his                                                               
private  career was  involved  in developing  coal  exports.   In                                                               
fact, coal  is a possible bridge  to the future during  this time                                                               
of high  oil and  gas prices.   Furthermore,  he related  that he                                                               
also  had a  public  career when  he served  on  the Seward  City                                                               
Council  for a  couple of  terms  and when  he was  the Mayor  of                                                               
Seward.  He characterized the  aforementioned time as some of the                                                               
most enjoyable days of  his life and a great way  to get in touch                                                               
with people  and their  needs.   He noted  that he  has a  bit of                                                               
experience  in  commercial fishing  due  to  his former  minority                                                               
investment  in several  boats.   He also  noted that  for six  to                                                               
seven years he owned a small  tourism business that has ceased to                                                               
exist.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER NOLL  related that  he has enjoyed  the time  he has                                                               
spent in  the department in terms  of what he characterized  as a                                                               
very   competent  labor   force   with   the  state   government.                                                               
Commissioner  Noll  said  that  he is  looking  forward  to  this                                                               
assignment and  the challenges and  opportunities that  it holds.                                                               
He paused to answer any questions.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
8:13:40 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE   NEUMAN   highlighted  the   ongoing   discussion                                                               
regarding saving  money in the  state, and asked  if Commissioner                                                               
Noll  intends on  hiring more  personnel for  DCCED.   If so,  he                                                               
inquired as to [the positions] that  would be filled and the cost                                                               
of such.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER  NOLL related  his  understanding  that the  current                                                               
budget proposes 12 new hires,  each of which is funded completely                                                               
with  or the  vast majority  of which  with federal  funds.   For                                                               
example,   the  Alaska   Aerospace  Development   Corporation  is                                                               
proposing eight new hires, which  would be completely funded with                                                               
federal funds.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
8:14:39 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR THOMAS  inquired as  to who pays  for the  retirement of                                                               
employees whose positions are funded by federal funds.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER  NOLL   answered  that  those  employees   would  be                                                               
included in  the Public Employees' Retirement  System (PERS), and                                                               
therefore the  state would pay  for the retirement.   However, he                                                               
pointed out that those employees would be in Tier 4.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
8:15:11 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER  NOLL,  in  further  response  to  Co-Chair  Thomas,                                                               
recalled that there  are two positions proposed  for village safe                                                               
water programs and the majority  of the funds for these positions                                                               
are federal funds.   There are also two  other proposed positions                                                               
one of  which is  for the Regulatory  Commission of  Alaska (RCA)                                                               
and the  other for the  Alaska Industrial Development  and Export                                                               
Authority (AIDEA), both of which receive federal funds as well.                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
8:16:16 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  NEUMAN commended  Commissioner  Noll for  seeking                                                               
federal funds to help pay for these new positions.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
8:16:31 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE CISSNA  related that  the health system  in Alaska                                                               
is  the number  one  employer  in the  state.    She opined  that                                                               
Alaska's  health system  has possibly  one of  the largest  under                                                               
filled  positions,  particularly  in rural  Alaska.    Therefore,                                                               
workforce  development   to  try  to  fill   those  positions  is                                                               
important.    She  then  opined  that the  health  system  is  an                                                               
economic force.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER  NOLL  related  his  view that  health  care  is  so                                                               
untended nationwide.   He confirmed  that the department  is very                                                               
interested  in  health  care  from   various  perspectives.    He                                                               
recalled  that in  2003-2004 the  State of  Alaska had  8,900 new                                                               
jobs of  which more  than half  were in  the health  care sector.                                                               
Through  2005 there  were 13,200  new  jobs [in  the health  care                                                               
sector], which illustrates  the huge growth in health  care.  How                                                               
to address health  needs in rural Alaska as well  as urban Alaska                                                               
is  a  huge  challenge,  in  which  he  said  he  is  interested.                                                               
Commissioner Noll related that he would  be glad to work with the                                                               
committee and  legislators on this  matter.  He  then highlighted                                                               
the opening  of the  new Palmer hospital  and the  possibility of                                                               
using  the old  hospital as  a  training facility.   However,  he                                                               
expressed concern  that nationally the  cost of care  hasn't been                                                               
accounted for.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
8:21:40 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE NEUMAN  offered to  assist Commissioner  Noll with                                                               
any plans for the [old] Palmer  hospital.  He then asked if DCCED                                                               
contracts any services to the State of Washington.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER  NOLL answered  that  about half  of the  commercial                                                               
fishing fleet  lives in the State  of Washington.  He  noted that                                                               
the  Alaska  Seafood  Marketing   Institute  (ASMI)  has  offices                                                               
located in the State of Washington as well.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE NEUMAN  expressed concern with the  [contracts and                                                               
services]  provided by  those in  the  State of  Washington.   He                                                               
requested  that  Commissioner  Noll  review  what  the  state  is                                                               
spending  in the  State of  Washington.   He also  suggested that                                                               
[the department] do  what it can to keep as  much [employment] as                                                               
possible in Alaska.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER  NOLL  interjected that  the  ferry  system is  also                                                               
located in  the State of  Washington.  He informed  the committee                                                               
that  he   has  had  discussions  regarding   the  Native  tribal                                                               
associations  in  the  State  of  Washington  being  a  potential                                                               
business partner [with the State of Alaska].                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
8:23:51 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR THOMAS  discussed the location  of a possible  new ferry                                                               
terminal,  which he  suggested should  be located  on the  Lumbee                                                               
Reservation that  is north of  Bellingham.  Therefore,  the State                                                               
of Alaska would have no alliance to the State of Washington.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
8:24:40 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR THOMAS recalled  that Commissioner Noll was  a member of                                                               
the four-man "Fish  Cabinet" that managed a large  segment of the                                                               
wild fish marketing effort.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER NOLL explained that  the "Fish Cabinet" received $50                                                               
million  from  the  federal  government.     The  following  four                                                               
individuals  were the  "Fish Cabinet":    Alan Austerman,  Senior                                                               
Fish  Advisor;  himself,  Department of  Commerce,  Community,  &                                                               
Economic  Development;  Greg  O'Claray,  Department  of  Labor  &                                                               
Workforce Development;  and Kevin Duffy and  Dave Bedford, Alaska                                                               
Department  of Fish  &  Game.   The group  decided  to place  $15                                                               
million into capital marketing;  $15 million into capital grants;                                                               
$5  million   to  beleaguered  fishers  through   an  income  tax                                                               
approach;  $7 million  to communities  impacted by  tax receipts;                                                               
and the remainder  went into research and to the  university.  He                                                               
explained  that  the   aforementioned  required  matching  funds.                                                               
Commissioner Noll opined that the  "Fish Cabinet" has been one of                                                               
the  most  successful programs  of  the  past  three years.    He                                                               
recalled that in  2004 exports of seafood products  out of Alaska                                                               
amounted  to $1.7  billion and  he  estimated an  increase to  $2                                                               
million in  2005.  He  attributed the large increases  to applied                                                               
allocation of funds, better fishing  techniques, and luck related                                                               
to timing  of news regarding  the health benefits of  Alaska wild                                                               
salmon.  He noted  that there is money left in  this program.  In                                                               
fact, recently  $1 million [in  matching funds] for  small vessel                                                               
upgrades was offered.   All the money has  been [distributed] and                                                               
the group is looking for more funds to offer, he mentioned.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
8:30:26 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR  THOMAS  informed  the  committee that  there  were  134                                                               
applications for this  program, which he characterized  as a good                                                               
program.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER NOLL  reiterated that  the group  is trying  to find                                                               
more money for the [small vessel upgrades] program.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR THOMAS  informed the committee that  a tribal government                                                               
in Haines tried  to obtain a block grant such  that the fishermen                                                               
could apply  for funds  through it.   However, the  [small vessel                                                               
upgrades program] doesn't allow labor  to be counted for matching                                                               
funds if  the fisherman does his/her  own labor.  If  a fisherman                                                               
does the labor, he/she should be  allowed a $25 per hour wage [to                                                               
match], he opined.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER NOLL said he would look into that.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR  THOMAS complimented  the commissioner  on the  training                                                               
program for merchant marines.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER  NOLL  related  the administration's  commitment  to                                                               
have opportunities for young people in Alaska.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
8:35:55 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR  THOMAS then  turned to  the  Local Boundary  Commission                                                               
(LBC) and his  view that it and other agencies  don't move in the                                                               
direction specified by the legislature.   He noted the complaints                                                               
being  received in  regard  to  the LBC.    Co-Chair Thomas  then                                                               
related  his understanding  that  the goal  was  to maximize  the                                                               
boundaries for  a municipality.   However, it seems that  the LBC                                                               
is   shrinking  [the   size  of   annexation   requests].     The                                                               
aforementioned,  he   indicated,  led  to  the   introduction  of                                                               
legislation  to address  the concerns  with  the LBC.   In  fact,                                                               
there  is  legislation,  SB 248,  providing  incentives  to  form                                                               
boroughs,  especially in  locales where  there is  no state  land                                                               
available  [to   annex  and  organize].     He  inquired   as  to                                                               
Commissioner Noll's stance on the incentives to organize.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER   NOLL  stated   his  support   for  [SB   248]  and                                                               
incentives.    He  then  related  his  belief  that  making  land                                                               
available   at   the  local   level   is   paramount  to   create                                                               
opportunities for local people.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR  THOMAS  related  the   concept  of  the  administrative                                                               
borough,  noting his  preference to  include language  that would                                                               
allow communities  to dissolve or  opt-out of  the administrative                                                               
borough  if  the  LBC  denies the  [requested]  boundaries.    He                                                               
informed the  committee that maps  were sent to  communities with                                                               
recommendations for  the borough  boundaries.  However,  there is                                                               
no land available in some areas  and thus incentives are the only                                                               
way to go.  He related  that the Chatham and Glacier Bay Boroughs                                                               
are considering  merging; the total  land would be less  than 400                                                               
acres because  most of the  available land is federal  land since                                                               
the university already  selected from what state  land there was.                                                               
Therefore, the  incentive funds would provide  municipalities the                                                               
ability to purchase land.                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER NOLL noted his agreement  [with Co-Chair Thomas] and                                                               
said that he would discuss these matters with the LBC.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR THOMAS  highlighted that  the incentive [included  in SB
248] is only available for four years.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
8:42:10 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE NEUMAN  inquired as  to whether  Commissioner Noll                                                               
has any connection or oversight over the LBC.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER  NOLL explained  that DCCED  provides administrative                                                               
support to  the LBC,  which is  a separately  appointed authority                                                               
that operates independently.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
8:43:27 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE CISSNA  moved that the committee  forward the name                                                               
of  William C.  Noll to  the full  body for  consideration during                                                               
joint session.  There being no objection,  it was so ordered.                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
8:44:16 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
The committee took an at-ease from 8:44 a.m. to 8:45 a.m.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
HCR  5-FLUORIDATION                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
8:45:29 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR THOMAS announced that the  final order of business would                                                               
be  HOUSE CONCURRENT  RESOLUTION NO.  5, Relating  to support  of                                                               
community water fluoridation.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
8:45:38 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE PAUL SEATON, Alaska  State Legislature, sponsor of                                                               
HCR  5,  related  that  HCR   5  would  support  community  water                                                               
fluoridation, which is  important to the health of  Alaskans.  He                                                               
informed the  committee that Alaska  cities with a  population in                                                               
excess  of   30,000  have  fluoridated   water.     Fluoride,  he                                                               
highlighted,  has  been  identified   as  an  effective  tool  in                                                               
addressing dental  disease.  Therefore, HCR  5 merely illustrates                                                               
that  the  legislature  recognizes the  importance  of  community                                                               
fluoridation and that all new  village safe water projects should                                                               
design water systems  such that fluoridation can  be utilized, if                                                               
the community chooses to do so.   The committee packet, he noted,                                                               
includes  letters  of support,  including  the  letters from  the                                                               
Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium and various dentists.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
8:49:08 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE CISSNA recalled learning  that life span is linked                                                               
to the presence of teeth.   She also recalled that the clinics in                                                               
the  Aleutians  related  to  her  that  the  largest  reason  for                                                               
Medivacs  were  related  to  dental  problems.    Therefore,  she                                                               
inquired  as to  whether  there are  any  studies specifying  the                                                               
costs related to not taking care of teeth.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  SEATON   indicated  that  the   committee  packet                                                               
includes a number  of studies, including one  that specifies that                                                               
for  every dollar  spent on  fluoridation,  approximately $37  in                                                               
medical costs would be saved.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
8:50:57 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE SEATON,  in response to Co-Chair  Olson, said that                                                               
he has  received little opposition  and what opposition  that was                                                               
received has been included in the committee packet.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
8:52:07 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
TROY  RITTER,  Senior  Environmental  Health  Consultant,  Alaska                                                               
Native Tribal  Health Consortium (ANTHC), informed  the committee                                                               
that  his  expertise  is  really  in  relation  to  the  cost  of                                                               
implementing  the  fluoride.     He  related  that  to  implement                                                               
fluoride  it costs  approximately  $1 per  person  per year,  and                                                               
therefore  most communities  can be  fluoridated for  a year  for                                                               
what  filing  one  cavity  would  cost.    He  characterized  the                                                               
aforementioned as a fairly good  return, although he acknowledged                                                               
that there  are very  few public  health interventions  that save                                                               
more money than they cost.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
8:53:09 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  NEUMAN  asked if  the  fluoridation  system is  a                                                               
simple injection  system.  He  related his understanding  that it                                                               
requires minimal infrastructure.                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MR. RITTER  replied yes.  He  noted that the delivery  system for                                                               
fluoride is  similar to that  used for  chlorine.  He  noted that                                                               
from an operation and maintenance  standpoint, fluoride is easier                                                               
to deliver  than chlorine because fluoride  is chemically stable.                                                               
In  further   response  to  Representative  Neuman,   Mr.  Ritter                                                               
explained that  the type  of fluoride injected  [in Alaska]  is a                                                               
powder form.   He related the basic principle  of toxicology that                                                               
the  dose  makes   the  poison.    Therefore,   operators  use  a                                                               
respirator that  is similar to a  dust mask.  There  haven't been                                                               
any problems experienced with the operators, he said.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
8:55:32 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE CISSNA returned to her  concern with regard to the                                                               
costs  of dental  problems, and  requested information  regarding                                                               
the total cost of not taking care of dental needs.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
MR. RITTER, from the best  studies available and from his Alaska-                                                               
specific  observations,  related   his  belief  that  fluoridated                                                               
communities probably reduce dental disease by about 40 percent.                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
8:57:13 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR.  RITTER,  turning to  his  prepared  testimony, informed  the                                                               
committee  that  he  has worked  within  Alaska's  tribal  health                                                               
system for the last seven years.   He also informed the committee                                                               
that ANTHC is the largest  health organization managed by a tribe                                                               
in the  nation.   The ANTHC  works with  its partners  to deliver                                                               
comprehensive health services.   Mr. Ritter specified  that he is                                                               
responsible for  ensuring that his division's  activities provide                                                               
maximum health benefits.  Therefore,  ANTHC strongly supports HCR
5.   He highlighted that  HCR 5 doesn't require  fluoridation and                                                               
helps to align state, tribal,  and federal efforts with regard to                                                               
this issue.   Mr. Ritter  opined that fluoridation  has sometimes                                                               
been   the  subject   of  misunderstanding   and  misinformation.                                                               
However, in  the mainstream health and  public health communities                                                               
there  is no  controversy  surrounding  fluoridation, he  further                                                               
opined.   Therefore, passage of  HCR 5  would allow the  state to                                                               
say that  it relies on  credible, science-based  information when                                                               
making  health  decisions.   Mr.  Ritter  acknowledged  that  not                                                               
everyone  agrees  on fluoridation,  but  he  expressed hope  that                                                               
those  communities that  choose to  fluoride should  receive [the                                                               
state's] best efforts  to keep [the residents]  healthy and safe.                                                               
In  conclusion,  Mr. Ritter  characterized  HCR  5 as  a  win-win                                                               
situation  in which  public health  professionals are  provided a                                                               
tool  to   provide  safer   and  healthier   communities  without                                                               
negatively impacting another area.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
9:00:45 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
ARTHUR HANSEN, retired  dentist, noted that he has  worked in the                                                               
villages.   He related his support  of HCR 5, and  indicated that                                                               
fluoridation is the least expensive  way in which to reduce decay                                                               
and dental problems.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
9:01:57 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
WILLIAM   MARLEY,  retired   dentist;  Representative,   Fluoride                                                               
Committee,  Alaska Dental  Society, informed  the committee  that                                                               
the American  Dental Association  (ADA) publishes a  booklet with                                                               
fluoride  facts,  in  which  it  cites  over  358  references  to                                                               
scientific  studies   supporting  the  safety  and   efficacy  of                                                               
fluoridating community water supplies.   He related that fluoride                                                               
is endorsed  by the  Alaska Dental Society,  the ADA,  the Center                                                               
for Disease  Control, the American Medical  Association, the U.S.                                                               
Surgeon  General, the  National Institute  of Cranial  and Facial                                                               
Research,  and   over  100   other  national   and  international                                                               
associations dealing  with water and  health.  Dr.  Marley stated                                                               
that  fluoride has  been found  to  be both  safe and  effective.                                                               
With regard to  cost effectiveness, he related that  for every $1                                                               
invested [the state would] receive $18 in return.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
DR.  MARLEY  highlighted  that  fluoride has  over  60  years  of                                                               
experience  in  the  U.S.  and   millions  of  years  of  natural                                                               
existence.    In 1992  Alaska  had  120 communities  fluoridating                                                               
their water,  but that  has decreased to  37 communities  at this                                                               
point.   He then pointed  out that Article  7, Section 4,  of the                                                               
Alaska State  Constitution specifies  that the  legislature shall                                                               
provide for  the promotion and  protection of the  public health.                                                               
Therefore, HCR 5 would be  consistent with the constitution while                                                               
providing  leadership and  reducing  the rate  of  decay and  the                                                               
number of dentists that are needed.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
9:08:07 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE NEUMAN  inquired as to  why there has been  such a                                                               
decrease in the communities that provide fluoridation.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
DR. MARLEY said he couldn't answer.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
9:08:49 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
JIM  TOWLE, Executive  Director,  Alaska  Dental Society,  stated                                                               
that the  Alaska Dental Society supports  HCR 5.  He  pointed out                                                               
that  tooth  decay is  a  chronic  disease  and the  most  common                                                               
chronic disease  in children.   He  echoed Dr.  Marley's comments                                                               
regarding the history of fluoride,  which is naturally occurring.                                                               
Mr.  Towle  emphasized that  community  water  fluoridation is  a                                                               
public health measure  that benefits individuals of  all ages and                                                               
socio-economic groups.   From the information he  has, he related                                                               
that the  average cost to  fluoridate a community is  around $.50                                                               
per person  with the  annual average per  person cost  being less                                                               
than one-third  of the cost  of an average dental  restoration or                                                               
filling  of a  cavity.   Mr.  Towle informed  the committee  that                                                               
there are  over 225 current peer-reviewed  studies that recognize                                                               
the  benefit of  community water  fluoridation.   In 2004  Alaska                                                               
spent  $19.3 million  for  Medicaid and  Denali  Kid Care  dental                                                               
care, he mentioned.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
9:11:24 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR.  TOWLE,  in  response  to Representative  Cissna,  agreed  to                                                               
supply the committee with the overall dental costs of the state.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
9:12:41 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
SHELLEY HUGHES, Policy Analyst,  Alaska Primary Care Association,                                                               
related the  association's support for  HCR 5.  She  related that                                                               
the Alaska  Primary Care Association, which  represents 24 health                                                               
organizations throughout the  state, recognizes that fluoridation                                                               
does  benefit  the  health  of   residents.    She  concluded  by                                                               
emphasizing  that  HCR  5  would  be  a  positive  step  for  the                                                               
betterment of the health of Alaskans.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
9:13:59 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
TOM  BORNSTEIN,  Director,   Dental  Services,  Southeast  Alaska                                                               
Regional Health  Consortium (SEARHC), related his  support of HCR
5 for all the reasons stated earlier.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
9:14:27 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR THOMAS inquired  as to why the decrease  in the villages                                                               
fluoridating their water.                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MR.  BORNSTEIN  explained that  in  1992  there was  an  overfeed                                                               
incident in a  fluoride system in Hooper Bay.   This tragic event                                                               
resulted in  a review that determined  one of the issues  was the                                                               
inadequate  monitoring   of  the  village  water   system.    The                                                               
aforementioned   caused    the   Department    of   Environmental                                                               
Conservation (DEC)  to promulgate new regulations  concerning the                                                               
use of  fluoride.  Therefore,  some of the communities  that were                                                               
just barely  able to comply  with the current  water fluoridation                                                               
rules  were unable  to meet  the new  standards, which  were more                                                               
stringent.   Thus, many  of the  fluoridation systems  were taken                                                               
off-line.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
9:16:17 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR THOMAS  inquired as to  what happens to those  who drink                                                               
water that has too much fluoride.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
MR.  BORNSTEIN  confirmed  that   over  fluoridation  results  in                                                               
sickness.   However,  he pointed  out that  it takes  many times,                                                               
about 50 times  the recommended dose over a brief  period of time                                                               
before  there is  an  acute  effect.   A  chronic overfeed  would                                                               
result in  mottled teeth.   He related his understanding  that in                                                               
the  Hooper  Bay  incident  an individual  who  was  sick  became                                                               
dehydrated and was told to drink  lots of water.  That individual                                                               
ended up with  100 times the dose of fluoride  and the individual                                                               
ultimately  died.   He characterized  the  incident as  extremely                                                               
rare.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
9:17:55 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  CISSNA  expressed  the  need to  include  in  the                                                               
funding for these systems a training component.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
MR. BORNSTEIN  related that the  implementation of  these systems                                                               
require a  level of training  and monitoring as specified  in the                                                               
regulations.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
9:19:57 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE SALMON  inquired as  to what  causes the  spots on                                                               
the teeth  of younger kids in  Fort Yukon where the  water became                                                               
fluoridated in the 1970s.                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MR. BORNSTEIN  answered that over  exposure to fluoride,  that is                                                               
beyond    the    proper    dose,     can    result    in    white                                                               
spots/decalcification on the  teeth.  White spots/decalcification                                                               
can  also occur  prior to  decay.   Therefore, he  said that  one                                                               
would need to review the specific case to make a determination.                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
9:22:20 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
BRAD WHISTLER,  Dental Officer, Department  of Health  and Social                                                               
Services  (DHSS), related  that DHSS  is supportive  of community                                                               
water  fluoridation, which  has  a long-standing  history in  the                                                               
U.S.   With regard to  the white  spots, he reiterated  that it's                                                               
not always  attributed to over  fluoridation.  In fact,  in terms                                                               
of fluoride, he  attributed the white spots  mainly to swallowing                                                               
toothpaste,  particularly  with  young  children.    Furthermore,                                                               
amoxicillin  may also  discolor  teeth.   The  studies that  have                                                               
reviewed  long-term  controls   infrequently  report  that  water                                                               
fluoridation results [in white spots].                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
MR. WHISTLER  then turned to  the costs related  to fluoridation.                                                               
He informed  the committee that Alaska  would probably experience                                                               
savings between $37 and $140.   With regard to total dental costs                                                               
in  Alaska, he  said he  didn't know  of a  source from  which to                                                               
obtain  that figure.   He  agreed that  there is  a training  and                                                               
capacity issue in rural areas.   He also agreed that at very high                                                               
doses, fluoride isn't  good for individuals and thus  it needs to                                                               
be  done  in  a  safe  manner and  monitored.    This  resolution                                                               
recognizes that  if fluoride  is delivered  properly, substantial                                                               
savings can be reaped in terms of dental costs, he said.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
9:27:45 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE NEUMAN  recalled that when  he ran a  water system                                                               
monthly samples were  sent to an engineer and the  content of the                                                               
water was reported  to DEC.  Therefore, he assumed  that the same                                                               
would  be true  for water  systems using  fluoride and  thus over                                                               
fluoridation would only last for a month.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MR.  WHISTLER  informed  the  committee  that  water  testing  is                                                               
reported  monthly but  most of  the systems  are [tested]  daily.                                                               
Therefore, he didn't believe over  fluoridation would even last a                                                               
month.   He  opined  that  immediate action  would  occur if  the                                                               
fluoride level reached four parts per million or more.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
9:29:21 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  CISSNA  related  her  interest in  the  costs  of                                                               
dental   emergencies,  particularly   in   relation  to   Medivac                                                               
situations.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MR. WHISTLER  suggested that such information  was available from                                                               
the  Eastern Aleutian  tribes who,  upon reviewing  their Medivac                                                               
services,  found  that adult  dental  emergencies  were the  most                                                               
frequent reasons for Medivacs into Anchorage.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE CISSNA recalled  that perhaps she heard  it from a                                                               
tribe in Dutch Harbor.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
9:30:39 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR OLSON moved to report HCR 5 out of committee with                                                                      
individual recommendations and the accompanying fiscal notes.                                                                   
There being no objection, it was so ordered.                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
9:30:52 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
ADJOURNMENT                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
There being no further business before the committee, the House                                                                 
Community and Regional Affairs Standing Committee meeting was                                                                   
adjourned at 9:30 a.m.                                                                                                          

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